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Alongside all of the problems, has brought us a few promising initiatives and developments. Martin Schachinger of pvXchange. A little more than a year later, in July , the courts handed down their first rulings. The judges granted Hanwha Q Cells an injunction, to which all defendants immediately appealed. JinkoSolar alone had affirmed from the beginning of the proceedings that the products it currently supplied were not affected by the lawsuit. The other two competitors remained tight-lipped in this regard.
Nevertheless, the same companies took precautionary measures to at least limit the damage should the ruling be upheld. Longi Solar temporarily halted shipments of certain products, while REC reduced its product range to the Alpha series. In November, there was some further movement in the dispute after the Chinese patent office rejected nullification proceedings initiated by Longi Solar in late However, the office only reviewed the legal validity of the two patents at issue in China and declared them partially invalid.
Currently, a review before the European Patent Office is also in progress, but its final decision is still pending. This dispute will therefore drag on for a while, and the outcome remains uncertain. In August and September, module prices across the board reached all-time lows. Following pandemic-related shutdowns in the spring, most PV manufacturers had resumed normal production operations. Raw material prices for silicon wafers and solar glass were also moderate, and the dollar exchange rate was balanced.
However, this was to change significantly in the months that followed. Driven by the chaos of an out-of-control Covid pandemic in the United States and by President Donald Trump, the dollar exchange rate continued its slide. This exchange rate weakness made dollar-based solar panels from China somewhat cheaper.
In addition, there is currently a shortage of polysilicon and solar glass. This trend will probably not reverse until the second quarter of In the fourth quarter, the question was whether Covid would leave its mark on the PV industry in However, this assessment mainly applied to medium and large-scale projects, often with transregional participation.
In Germany, the government responded by extending the completion deadlines for tenders awarded by up to six months. In the small to medium-sized PV systems sector, there was scarcely any discernible negative impact resulting from the pandemic, at least in Germany.
Many consumers seemed to want to increase their level of self-sufficiency using their own solar power system at a high self-consumption rate. This provided full order books for many solar installers, who have been and continue to be among the winners in the crisis.
Nevertheless, the German government has not managed to present a consensus-worthy follow-up regulation in time. This and a number of other important issues were supposed to be addressed by the amendment to the law, which was to take effect in and finally passed in November. The bill presented to the public by the German coalition parties in September was an unambitious, half-baked draft that triggered widespread indignation in the industry.
Introduced without comprehensive changes, it threatens not only a collapse in installation figures, but also the loss of existing PV capacities. The continued operation of plants coming up on their year mark would simply be uneconomical for many operators. Since the introduction of the draft, associations, the opposition, and the governing coalition have been discussing the far-too-modest expansion targets, excessive measurement and regulation requirements, the counterproductive EEG surcharge for small systems, the extension of the tendering obligation to smaller PV systems, as well as the treatment of year-old, or post-EEG, systems.
An end has been in sight since Dec. We were all waiting with bated breath for the final text of the law. Our two strong German women in Berlin and Brussels, Angela Merkel and Ursula von der Leyen, are standing up to the political machos elsewhere in the European Union and trying to implement the principles of the rule of law, a humane refugee policy, and more ambitious climate targets, through the Green Deal, for instance, to the extent politically possible at the moment.
The issue of climate change has not completely dropped off the radar, despite the pandemic. Instead, parallels are pointed out and appeals are made to common sense and for people to listen to science much more closely than in the past when prioritizing measures and combating crises.
Ultimately, the Covid protection measures, the restrictions up to and including the hard lockdown, have made everyone around the world aware of what is important and what we can do without, if necessary, permanently. Our Western society — no, the entire human race — is unlikely to be the same before the crisis once the pandemic has been dealt with, which will hopefully proceed apace in the coming year.
Business and politics will also no longer fall back into their old, outdated patterns; I am optimistic about that. We will rethink many things, doing them differently and hopefully better as a result. This is an opportunity that has been given to us unexpectedly and that we should urgently take advantage of. For that I would just like to say, thank you! Notes: Only tax-free prices for PV modules are shown, with stated prices reflecting average prices on the European spot market customs cleared Source: pvXchange.
Martin Schachinger has been active in the field of photovoltaics and renewable energy for more than 20 years. In he founded the internationally renowned online trading platform pvXchange. And yet, what followed was not only one of the hottest years on record, but also one of the craziest in recent decades. This month and next, Martin Schachinger of pvXchange looks back at how European PV markets have developed under the pall of the pandemic and climate change. Mild weather rang in the new year and business was excellent for installers everywhere.
Some forecasts projected this would happen as early as the second quarter. That triggered a race to install the final few megawatts eligible for subsidies. At the same time, module availability was poor, and capacities for installers were tight. A bad situation was made worse by the reluctance of decision makers in the government to lift the 52 GW cap in the EEG. Unfortunately, the governing parties took no substantial steps to fulfill promises made in the climate package.
The industry was confronted with very little security, prompting a battle cry: The cap must go! Following devastating forest fires in Australia, the spread of Covid began to dominate media coverage in China, and then in Europe. At that time, few could imagine how severe the pandemic would be. Negative impacts were initially limited to factory workers in China being sent on compulsory leave or prevented from starting work after the Lunar New Year holidays.
As a result, the supply chain for raw materials virtually collapsed, and Asian cell and module production, among other things, came to a standstill. As the pandemic progressed, parallels emerged with the threat of advancing climate change. In the media excitement about the virus, however, the climate crisis increasingly receded into the background. To curb the rate of infection, politicians ordered increasingly drastic measures. Unfortunately, the Fridays for Future movement also fell victim to these restrictions.
The protests, held regularly for more than a year, could no longer take place. Though the movement continued in social networks, it did not have the same impact as mass protest in the streets. Nevertheless, we can learn a great deal from the pandemic.
We were made painfully aware of the instability of some industries and our system as a whole. We have seen how entire branches of the economy, which thrived financially and were so influential in a society of abundance, reached the verge of collapse within a few weeks and can now only be saved with massive government assistance. The trend toward larger module formats began. Producers announced new module power ratings north of W.
This increase in surface area was made possible with larger wafers and cells. Half-cut cells became more common; some even divided cells into thirds or quarters, using high-density interconnection technology in the modules. This took place almost exclusively in monocrystalline cells, with multicrystalline products increasingly disappearing from the market.
Since buyers do not pay for the module itself, but for the output, continuing to increase output per module was the obvious choice for manufacturers. This meant more money could be demanded for a module at the same cost, even as the per watt price stayed the same or fell. In fact, after almost a year of stagnation, wholesale prices for high-efficiency modules slowly started to fall again.
On the evening of June 18, , the time had finally come, and the German parliament decided to remove the 52 GW cap on PV installations. Had they waited just a few more weeks, the limit would have been reached, and no new PV systems would have been eligible. The only reason subsidies were not stopped much earlier was the delay caused by Covid and the associated restriction of supply chains.
At the same time, however, the German government announced a more comprehensive revision of the EEG for the fall. The pandemic has also had a negative impact on the energy markets themselves, says the consultancy. Persistently lower commodity prices made conventional energy more attractive, and the expansion of renewables less popular.
As low electricity prices chip away at future profitability of PV and wind energy, incentives for investment have failed to materialize. And this, in turn, has deterred project developers from concluding new power purchase agreements. Martin Schachinger of pvXchange examines the ongoing effects of Covid The delay it describes primarily affects medium to large projects, often with supra-regional participation.
The degree to which current restrictions have crippled the installation segment is something I will return to later. After all, under normal conditions, hard-working installation crews mainly from Eastern European regions move from one major construction site to the next in their daily work.
We do not see this practice in the disributed PV segment, since for economic reasons companies tend to work with their own people or those in the immediate vicinity. In the small to medium-sized PV systems segment — in Germany, at least — there has scarcely been any discernible negative impact from the pandemic so far. Sustained demand for high-efficiency modules is leading to price stagnation. Smaller projects are usually planned and built by a single provider.
If necessary, the contractor will pitch in if there is a shortage of personnel. The greatest concern with such projects is the delayed delivery of components. Storage systems in particular have been a bottleneck for small PV plants throughout Fortunately, a plant can be completed and connected even without the planned storage system. The battery is simply delivered later and integrated into the system. Nevertheless, demand for storage is holding steady.
In Germany, residential storage is enjoying growing popularity.
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